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Pongamia oil
Pongamia oil is derived from the seeds of the ''Millettia pinnata'' tree, which is native to tropical and temperate Asia. ''Millettia pinnata'', also known as ''Pongamia pinnata'' or ''Pongamia glabra'', is common throughout Asia and thus has many different names in different languages, many of which have come to be used in English to describe the seed oil derived from ''M. pinnata''; ''Pongamia'' is often used as the generic name for the tree and is derived from the genus the tree was originally placed in.
Other English names for this oil include Honge oil (from Kannada), Kanuga oil (from Telugu), Karanja oil (from Hindi), and Pungai oil (from Tamil).
==Cultivation==
''Millettia pinnata'' is native to South and Southeast Asia. Known in various languages as Indian beech, Pongam, Karanja, Honge, Kanuga, and Naktamala, it is now grown all over the world. Typically the plant starts yielding pods from the fifth year on with the yields increasing each year until it stabilizes around the tenth year. Seeds are usually harvested in the spring, each seed weighing from about to . The yield per tree can range from about to more than depending on conditions, with an average of 1500-1700 seeds per kilogram. Historically the pods are removed from the trees by beating the branches with sticks and decorticated using mallets or stones. Research is ongoing into mechanical harvesting methods.
The basic nutritional components of ''Millettia pinnata'' seeds may change depending on the season and maturity of the tree but in general are as follows:〔(Factsheet from New crops at Purdue University )〕
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